Gaps in Care and Opportunities
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Opportunity Cards
Insights synthesized from interviewing patients and their family members served as an anchor during a second co-creative workshop. Together with those we interviewed, we honed in on areas of opportunity.
We refined and prioritized over 80 ideas for intervention into a set of 34 Opportunity Cards to explore ways the SV-CHD journey can be improved upon. Ultimately this human-centered, design-driven approach opened a larger conversation about potential future opportunities for re-design of care and service intervention.
We remain focused on filling gaps in care identified while improving the outcomes that matter most to patients and families.
#1
Expanded Onboarding
Laying the foundation for a better journey experience
Rationale:
The reality of life in the hospital is difficult to prepare for. Knowing what to bring, what your days will be like, and learning your way around the hospital before you arrive helps. It is also a shock to see your newborn connected to instruments, with wires, tubes and surgical tape all over their tiny bodies. More preparation and exposure helps set expectations for new CHD parents.
Description:
Treat the hospital onboarding experience as you would treat the onboarding experience of any other high-end service. Expand the current Dell Children's onboarding to engage families as they're shopping for hospitals all the way until admission at their delivery hospital. Parents can be offered up-front educational guides, prospective patient orientations, conversations with past patients and their families, multiple tours of the hospital and all affiliated facilities and units to gain a better understanding of the facility and types of providers they can expect to engage with. Onboarding resources should be available and accessible for families regardless of where they are in the world. Delivery methods could include videos, guides, apps, etc. They could also have the opportunity to see young babies with CHD and talk to willing parents. For families relocating to Austin, an introduction to the city, the Mueller neighborhood, and to the Ronald McDonald team should be arranged.
Stage: Prenatal
# 2
Home Clinic
Delivering care in the convenience of your home
Rationale:
Parents told us that having to move closer to the hospital is the single biggest disruption in their lives. The solution is to move the hospital to their homes.
Description:
Shortening the length of inpatient hospitalization may be feasible and desirable for some patients. The clinic - or most of the equipment needed - moves to peoples' homes to decrease the length of the parents' stay in the hospital. Telemedicine is used extensively. Services offered are:
Web Based Monitoring
Alerts and Triage
Daily Health Scores
Chart Notes and History
Medication Management
Virtual Visits
Stage: Interstage
#3
Mobile Pediatric ICU
Fast response to critical needs
Rationale:
Parents told us that having to move closer to the hospital is the single biggest disruption in their lives. Moving the hospital to their homes requires a fast response system in the case of an emergency.
Description:
Home-based clinics need a rapid-response system to relocate the patient to the hospital in case of complications. For that, we will create a mobile pediatric ICU that can move staff to people's homes when an emergency arises. The unit is equipped to perform the most common emergency procedures.
Stage: Interstage
#4
CHD Social Support Network
Patients, families and friends helping one another cope.
Rationale:
The diagnosis and ongoing palliation of SV-CHD can be a very isolating experience for patients as well as their families. Many families have expressed that their existing support systems "just don't get it" and that they'd be more willing to seek the company of those who are farther along in their CHD palliation journey or who have had a similar experience. If targeted appropriately social media networks can be utilized to extend this network beyond synchronous engagement.
Description:
The opportunity is to support the creation of a network of patients, their families, their significant others, and others who are heavily involved in an SV-CHD palliation journey who have been through this experience. Members of this support network can reach out and support families from diagnosis onward. Patients and their family members may reach out for peer-to-peer coaching about how to deal with their diagnosis or their own mental well-being. As a way to expand this program beyond synchronous in-person engagement and virtual meetings, appropriately mature teenagers and young adults can be encouraged to start their own lightly-curated social media accounts on popular platforms like TikTok, Discord, Instagram, Reddit, and the like. These social media hubs can both teach younger CHD patients and their families about this chronic diagnosis but they can be used to educated patients non-CHD peers and the general public, especially if incorporated into broader awareness campaigns.
Stage: All Stages; Prenatal, Interstage, Childhood, Adolescence, Adulthood
#5
The Austin CHD Guide
Local resources for families of CHD Babies:
Rationale:
Many patient families are new to Austin and have to learn about the city's amenities and resources from the usual sources, which may not have CHD-specific information.
Description:
Create an online guide that has information about the city, companies that can help with relocation, local agencies, host families, Austin resources, etc. Build on the experience of families who've had to negotiate this before. This could be a stand-alone guide or a chapter on a comprehensive CHD / Single Ventricle website with the journey maps.
Stage: Prenatal, Interstage, Childhood
#6
Health Network Navigation
Helping families navigate the complexities of health insurance
Rationale:
Insurance is always mentioned as one of the main sources of stress. Even otherwise knowledgeable people had a difficult time understanding insurance and knowing their rights. Similar to commercially insured people, Medicaid recipients do not know what the program covers and what it doesn't, in all likelihood some providers are probably similarly unsure.
Description:
A course-series (to be recorded, live-streamed, and shared online for posterity and promotion) to teach parents about the complexity of insurance, how hospitals work, and other technical information since they will be heavily involved with the provider network and the health systems. Educate people about what Medicaid already covers and other low-cost options for insurance. Work with an external organization for that. To afford consistent engagement with a single person w/in Dell Children's, who - similarly to an insurance agent, primary care doctor or broker - will be their advocate in the organization, a new role for the instructor(s) of this educational series will need to be created and staffed. This role will be a blend of the roles and responsibilities of Social Workers, Nurse Navigators, and Financial Support.
Stage: All stages, but primarily Prenatal, Interstage, Childhood
Feedback:
#7
Patient Advocate Training
Empower people to have a more productive dialogue with providers
Rationale:
Different cultures (Latinx, Black, Anglo, Middle-class White, Vietnamese, etc.) have different styles of interacting with healthcare providers (information seeking v deferential to providers). An extremely deferential attitude may not be in the best interest of some child patients unable to advocate for themselves.
Description:
Establish services/programs with requisite materials for care givers who need a push to engage more actively or who need reassurance that they are on the right track (via questionnaires, coaching, empowerment, etc). Make use of Question Prompt Lists (QPL) to encourage discussion of care by doctors and patients, encourage patient involvement in decision-making and offer a standard framework for patients to ask about their disease. This training will serve as a way to teach care givers (typically parents) how to communicate with providers in order to build stronger provider-parent relationships and support parents taking a more active, agentive role in their child's care. This opportunity can be made more proactive if a web-based tool is used to generate patient engagement guides for Providers.
Stage: All Stages, but primarily Prenatal, Interstage
#8
Am I stressed out?
A guide for patients, siblings, and parents on how to cope with CHD
Rationale:
The earlier that people are aware of their mental health the better they will be able to manage and cope with stress throughout their lives.Children are not naturally introspective and, so, have a difficult time understanding their own mental states. Other people may also have trouble recognizing and dealing with mental health issues because of stigma, awareness, fear, financial concerns, or other barriers. CHD is a life-long condition making early mental health awareness especially valuable for patients and their families.
Description:
The opportunity is to make a guide / mentoring program for new parents, young children, and siblings to understand typical struggles and check-in to recognize their mental health and know when to seek additional help. It should include reminds and references to the psycho-social support available through Dell Children's and other CHD specific organizations and support groups.
This could be a local service, tapping into Austin resources, or a partnership with an institution such as the Child Mind Institute, an independent, national nonprofit dedicated to transforming the lives of children and families struggling with mental health and learning disorders.
Stage: Childhood, Adolescence, Adulthood]
#9
Project ECHO for CHD
Educating providers about the needs of CHD patients
Rationale:
There aren't enough specialists to treat everyone who needs care, especially adults with SV-CHD and CHD. Project ECHO (Extension for Community Healthcare Outcomes) is a tele-mentoring program designed to create virtual communities of learners by bringing together healthcare providers and subject matter experts.
Description:
The opportunity is to create a CHD focused Project ECHO initially based on issues of interest and importance to patients and families. It will provide information and educational training to local care providers (mainly primary care physicians) and building a referral network of local providers who understand CHD who can provide care to CHD patients. This training can be customized based on different provider types (EMS vs Primary Care Physician), local cultural nuance, and community needs.
ECHO uses videoconference technology, brief lecture presentations, and case-based learning, fostering an “all learn, all teach” approach. Participants are engaged in the bi-directional virtual knowledge network by sharing clinical challenges and learning from experts and peers. While CHD has implications for all areas of a person's health, it can be difficult to find other providers — from pediatricians to dentists to therapists — who really understand the implications that CHD can have.
Stage: All Stages
#10
Caregiver Training
Certification program for those who need or want to care for CHD babies and children
Rationale:
Very often, working parents face the decision to having to quit one of their jobs to take care of their newborn. They do not have enough confidence that someone else can care for their baby as well as themselves.
Description:
Offer courses that train family member or non-family member to care for babies, including some basic medical training (watch vital signs, when to call for help, etc). A certificate of completion could be awarded. This might also be a secondary for of income to mothers of children with CHD.
Components of this offering are:
Training centers, with home environment simulation
Certification program for caregivers
Maintain a list of recommended caregivers who completed the certification process
Volunteer parents or grandparents who completed the certification and are available to help
Opportunities for medical, pharmacy, nursing students to get certified and earn extra money
Stage: Interstage, Childhood
#11
Designated Patient Advocates
Expanding the role of Nurse Navigator or establishing an additional role
Rationale:
A common desire for a "quarterback" or a single clinical point of contact to guide parents through the clinical system, especially during the Interstage period was shared. There are currently Nurse Navigators available to support patients and families and/or to coordinate internal efforts during the Interstage period. Other programs employ providers focused solely on communicating with patients and families.
Description:
This opportunity calls for an expansion of the Nurse Navigator role that focuses more on communication and coordination support. Designate a Nurse Navigator to each family, Surgeon, or Cardiologist leading up to, during and near-term beyond the Interstage period. This can be approached in a way that is similar to how the Comprehensive Care Clinic designated a single nurse to each of their complex child patients. This is a step towards a health system that does not require internal advocacy, and promotes efficient and seamless communications between all parties involved.
Stage: All stages, but primarily Interstage
#12
CHD Zipper Brothers + Sisters
Creating meaningful exchanges between the ages
Rationale:
Many CHD patients have not met others their age living with SV-CHD. Some SV-CHD patients have never met anyone else with CHD much less SV-CHD. Most everyone we spoke to was enthusiastic about the idea of a Big Brothers Big Sisters style peer mentorship program. Older "zipper brothers and sisters" can act as role models for younger patients, while younger patients can be inspired by them. This relationship offers value for both the older peer mentors and for the younger patients being mentored.
Description:
A volunteer-supported mentoring network, like the Big Brothers Big Sisters Community-based Mentoring Program. Promote meaningful, monitored matches between adult volunteers (“Bigs”) and children with CHD (“Littles”), ages 5 through young adulthood. The aim is to develop positive relationships that have a direct and lasting effect on the lives of young people.
Stage: Childhood, Adolescence
#13
Heart Kids Summer Camp
Playing and learning for life
Rationale:
Kids with CHD cannot perform the physically intensive activities that are common in camps for kids their age, so they don't get the same learning and socialization opportunities.
Description:
Camp for heart kids to get to know each other and for parents to get a break. Could mix fun activities, learning and bonding with other kids.
It could be staffed by volunteer medical personnel, physicians, physician assistants, nurses, etc.
Camps could be a mix of typical physical activities and learning for life, focusing on CHD.
Stage: Childhood, Adolescence
#14
Heart Fit
Tailored wellness programs for CHDers
Rationale:
Kids with CHD feel excluded from PE and other physical exercise opportunities.
Description:
There are few exercise and wellness programs (if any) that cater to people with CHD. In a properly designed exercise program, tailored to the individual, the benefits outweigh the risks.
Partner with the YMCA or similar organizations to offer programs customized for children and adults with CHD. Use exercise as a prescription.
Stage: Childhood, Adolescence, Adulthood
#15
Teaching Toolkit
Building self-ownership through personal advocacy
Rationale:
Often, teenagers have to talk about their condition with teachers, coaches and peers. To teach is the best way to learn.
Description:
A toolkit that includes medical information that is easy to convey, advice on how to talk to others about their condition, practices of people who think they've mastered this art. Have high-school teens prepare a lecture on heart physiology and the human cardiovascular (circulatory) system, which gives them an opportunity to tell people how theirs is different. The opportunity is to help kids understand bullying behavior and prepare to respond to CHD related criticism. It may include: brochures, props (models, etc), online resources, etc, which should be offered at different levels (elementary, middle school, high school, college).
Stage: Adolescence
#16
Teaching Toolkit: Romantic Relationships
Offering relationship guidance and counseling
Rationale:
An area of focus which was revisited many times in interviews and experience groups was initiating and maintaining romantic relationships.
Description:
Building on our Teaching Toolkit from 37A we can provide more focused advise around romantic relationships when building out materials that offer patients advice about how to talk to others about their condition. This can begin with printed and digital content that broaches initiating and maintaining romantic relationships and could eventually expand to include advice for couples, training for couples, integration with proposed peer and social support programs, and even relationship focused counseling for patients and for CHD couples.
Stage: Adolescence, Adulthood
#17
Robust Transition Program
Easing the transition from pediatric to adult CHD care
Rationale:
Transition to adulthood is a known gap in many clinical settings and here in Austin in particular.
Description:
Continue and expand upon efforts underway to establish a TCPCHD Transition Plan and Program at Dell Children's. Depending on patient-readiness this expanded program can be integrated into existing care practices beginning at age 12, 14, or 16 and continue into early adulthood; 26+. This program can involve educational materials, in-person consults, asynchronous means of communication, along with tailored materials and progression plans.
Stage: Adolescence, Adulthood
#18
Transition Program Co-production
Creating with patients and their families, not for
Rationale:
Patients and to an extent their parents and families are the experts when it comes to their lived experience.
Description:
Augment the process of establishing a TCPCHD Transition Program by inviting adolescent and young adult patients to co-design and co-produce this program and accompanying plan. Engage patients in the process of standing up and structure of a Transition Program in order to offset gaps in understanding of modern adolescents, their needs, and what resources are or are not available to them.
Stage: Adolescence, Adulthood
#19
Warm Hand-off
Bring patients, pediatric and adult providers together
Rationale:
Transition to adulthood and from familiar pediatric to new adult providers can feel like a rupture.
Description:
Create a transition ritual, or warm hand-off, from a pediatric care specialist, who the patient learned to trust, to an adult cardiologist. Design the process to reduce patient anxiety.
As part of effort to create a TCPCHD Transition Plan and Program that does not feel like a rupture, maybe involving a three-party conversation among the patient and the two doctors. It could also be a ritual that makes transition feel like an achievement for the patient.
Stage: Adolescence, Adulthood
#20
Self-ownership Goal Charting
Graphically represent a normative Transition path and leave space for charting personal deviations
Rationale:
Our current Maps don't surface or account for the self-ownership goals associated with the transition from pediatric to adult care.
Description:
Similar to our Personalized Goal Charting opportunity, we can create a visual map which highlights common personal development goals that can be adjusted to each patients unique journey and progress. Surfacing these self-ownership milestones into a map can be expanded upon by later developing tracking applications to support this process.
Stage: Adolescence, Adulthood
#21
Accommodate all ages at Dell Children's
Creating clinical environments that are comfortable for adult patients
Rationale:
Adult patients accessing care in a pediatric facility is sometimes, even often unavoidable, due to a lack of adult CHD providers and adult CHD facilities. Adolescents and adults can feel out of place in pediatric hospitals, which may not be prepared to serve adults.
Description:
Redesign pediatric services to accommodate adults when necessary. Some solutions include telehealth and at home services for adults. When adult patients need to come into pediatric facilities make sure there are spaces in the hospital that are age appropriate and that there are adequate medications and supplies for adult sized bodies. There is also the opportunity to reframe being an adult patient in a pediatric facility by offering them a way to present as a "hero" and role model to the younger patients while at the pediatric clinic. This could include creating visual badges that allow willing adult patients to identify themselves as patients so they can serve as an inspiration to kids.
Stage: Adolescence, Adulthood
#22
CHD Employment Resources
Working to increase the availability of CHD-friendly jobs
Rationale:
People with complex SV or CHD can perform well in roles that are not physically demanding but have reduced job participation compared with those who have less milder CHD and the general working population.
Description:
Start by partnering with job posting sites to identify careers and roles suitable for people with CHD. Create career counseling services which focus on physical abilities and level of education who can identify employers willing to appropriately accommodate CHDers. Eventually this opportunity can pave the way for a movement akin to Equal Opportunity Employers complete with CHD friendly roles and employers as accompanying verbiage and visual indicators.
Stage: Adolescence, Adulthood
Feedback:
#23
Support Child Care
Provide on-site child care services for CHD Siblings
Rationale:
Parents with more than one child have to juggle caring for their other children, working, and visits to the hospital to be bedside for their CHD baby.
Description:
This opportunity is rather straightforward. Provide on-site child care services for siblings, inform parents about qualified care-takers in the area, or augment the cost of qualified child care at a daycare facility so that parents don't have to decide between caring for their other children and being bedside for their CHD baby. If cost is a barrier for the sustainability of this opportunity then exploration of establishing or partnering with an NGO or Foundation(s) may be required.
Stage: Prenatal, Interstage, Childhood
#24
Two-way Communication Tools
Communicating with parents who cannot be at the hospital
Rationale:
Parents who can't be at the hospital miss out on opportunities to ask questions and get updates from nurses.
When parents get frustrated in the hospital, poor communication with nurses can be the root of some problems.
Description:
The opportunity is to create a tool for nurses to leave, send, and document notes for parents who are not available and for parents to also note information or questions for the care team. The tool should feature two way communication, quick updates whenever a nurse visits the patient, and a channel for requests and questions from the parents. Ideally the tool would be integrated with the patient health records and should provide easy access to a dashboard so, with a quick glance, parents can check on some key indicators and see if and where there have been changes in their their child's status.
Stage: Interstage, Childhood
#25
Home Visits
Community Health Workers
Rationale:
After parents leave the hospital it can be an overwhelming experience to take care of a new baby with special health needs. As the child grows their journey will be different from other kids and parents needs will continue to change. After families leave the hospital it is also a time where patients and families may become disconnected from the care teams they knew in the hospital.
Description:
The opportunity is for certified Community Health Workers with specialized training or experience in CHD to visit parents in the home. They can check in, provide help with any questions or issues the family is having, and provide information and support between cardiologist visits.
Stage: Childhood
#26
Give Parents a Job
Make parents productive members of the care team
Rationale:
During the Interstage hospitalization, many of the typical parental responsibilities are handled by nurses and other hospital staff. The lack of a clearly defined role for the parents can contribute to problems with bonding, increased anxiety about going home, and an overall decrease in well-being.
Description:
The opportunity is to give parents clear guidance about their role on the care team and what their responsibilities are in caring for their newborn while they are in the hospital together. The work could include bonding tasks, feeding, monitoring and charting, and preparing to share information and ask questions during rounds.
Stage: Interstage
#27
Real-time Baby Monitor
Provide a live stream to allow parents to know where their baby is at all times.
Rationale:
Dell Children's wants parents to be at the bedside as much as possible and to respond to unpredictable hospital schedules. Many parents can't be present full time because of work, childcare and other obligations. For these parents, it can be additionally frightening when the arrive at the hospital to find out that their baby has been moved.
For parents who can be at the bedside full time, the need and desire to be present can make it hard to take breaks and attend to personal needs.
Description:
For parents who are away from the hospital, even momentarily, the opportunity is to provide a live stream to see the baby and know what is going on in the room. If a provider or specialist shows up the system can include options for two-way communication so parents don't miss out on valuable consultations. The monitor could follow the baby wherever they are in the hospital and parents would always be aware of the location and status of their child. A live-stream affords a line of sight for absent parents and other caregivers and also creates an additional communication channel between providers and families.
Stage: Interstage
#28
Baby Book for CHD
CHD children are unique. So their baby book should also be unique.
Rationale:
This is an uncertain journey in early life- there are some known surgical steps and developmental and feeding goals with the ultimate goal of going home from the hospital, but no certainty in the timing or sequence of the events. It is important for families to set that expectation early on and celebrate accomplishments as they occur. It may also be helpful for families to document their experiences to help cope with some of the difficult times. This personal artifact can support later conversations that parents have with their child or adolescents about what the first weeks and months of their life was like.
These documents can also act as a feedback mechanism for Dell Children's to better understand patient and family journeys from their perspectives and can be used to find common patterns and deviations across diagnosis.
Description:
The map is not the territory, as is said, so we should provide families a customizable document which serves as a visual way for them to track and document their unique experience during the Interstage roller coaster. Include common milestones that can be added to the document when/if they occur for your child. There can be space for family to track other daily experiences and stories.
This map does not need to be limited to only the Interstage period and could also be extended to the other 3 subsequent stages we've created stage-specific journey maps for.
Stage: Interstage mainly
#29
Advocate for Better Payment Systems
Alleviate friction felt by patients and providers when it comes to dealing with Insurance
Rationale:
Insurance and financial issues are significant concern and burden for patients and families, especially with a life-long condition. These issues can amplify the stress that are already experiencing.
Description:
Institutions like Dell Children's and provider organizations should be constant advocates for improving the payment side of the healthcare system. Opportunities include hospital and its partner providers should consider ways to bundle services and create integrated, transparent billing systems. Dell Children's can also establish partnerships with private and public payers to support capitated or bundled services. In doing so, if a patient advocate role exists within the payor organization patients can be connected to them to help navigate payment in relation to needed care. For adult patients, particularly lower income adults, options for insurance coverage can be limited and provider organizations should advocate for Medicaid Expansion in the State of Texas.
Stage: Interstage mainly
#30
Transparency in Billing
Provide understandable cost estimates
Rationale:
Parents may experience sticker shock when billed sporadically after services are rendered. Billing is complicated and at times what you're paying for or being billed for is obfuscated.
Description:
Work with payers to proactively estimate the uncovered costs to set expectations for families so they aren't shocked come billing and reimbursement.
Provide patients with consolidated and itemized bills from all providers and potentially all hospitals they engage with.
Along with the journey map, give patients an expectation of total costs based on historical disbursements from families and severity of the condition.
Stage: Interstage
#31
Promote Parent-Baby Bonding
Bonding is beneficial for baby neurodevelopment and parent mental well-being
Rationale:
Parents can be afraid to hold a new child when they're connected to multiple tubes and other medical equipment.
Description:
Separation in early life is associated with a reduction in maternal-infant atunement. The impact of maternal-infant separation during the sensitive period may permanently alter emotional relationships.
Encourage more holding, contact, and other forms of bonding to promote healthy neurodevelopment of the baby and the mental health of parents who may feel a lack of control or detachment from their baby. Create holding opportunities by educating staff on what they can do to support bonding. Also provide educational materials which are visual or in a video format on how to hold your baby in general and when they're connected to common medical equipment.
Opportunities for mom/baby bonding can be implemented by:
Looking into other countries' experiences (Israel, UK)
Use echocardiography and other diagnostics to determine which infants can safely undergo bonding (Duke study)
Improve equipment design to increase safety during handling of the baby.
Stage: Interstage
#32
Personalized Goal Charting
Graphically represent a normative path and leave space for marking personal deviations
Rationale:
HD babies develop differently than other children and won't have the same feeding experience or developmental milestones as other kids. The ways in which feeding and other aspects of patient care relate to or support appropriate baby neurodevelopment could be better understood, helping families and providers create shared goals.
Description:
The opportunity is to actively engage parents as part of the care team, teaching them about their child's development, and aligning unique milestones and goals between the care team and families.
The care team would proactively provide education materials to parents about feeding with single ventricle babies, why certain feeding methods are employed, and how feeding relates to neurodevelopment. Educational materials should offer a framework which families can customize based on their child's progression, a set of personalized progress charts that providers and patients co-create throughout their journey including feeding and neurodevelopmental pathways. By allowing those goals to be tracked daily parents can see progress made and potentially feel more involved in the care journey, thus providing parents with a role in care.
Stage: Prenatal, Interstage
#33
Orchestrate Stable Spaces
Make movement within the hospital minimal, planned, and predictable
Rationale:
The logic behind re-rooming and patient movement is not always clear to families and at times is unclear to providers.
Description:
Apply Industrial or Systems Engineering methods (e.g. Modeling, analysis and management of patient flows) to the process of establishing rooming assignments, determining re-rooming needs, and deciding to move child patients within and between units. This may result in the application or development of predictive algorithms, models of patient flow and rooming demands, and assessing current hospital rooming practices and policies. The goal here is to reduce the movement of baby patients within all CHD associated units at Dell Children's and in cases where re-rooming is required to clearly and transparently communicate why that is the case to families.
Stage: Interstage mainly
#34
Inpatient Medical Equipment Redesign
Minimize physical barriers between parents and their baby
Rationale:
The medical equipment in use is complicated and error-prone, to the point that even trained professionals sometimes encounter difficulty using it.
Description:
Redesign or rearrange equipment to support parent-baby interaction and lay-person interaction with child patients. Chest tubes, wires, intubation materials and the like can be overwhelming or difficult. Every equipment detail is an opportunity to design something better and presents a potential opportunity for clinical innovation residents to be engaged. Redesign can include where and how equipment alarm notifications occur, whether humans interact with the equipment through a remote interface or in-context in-room, and even integration with EMR systems.
Stage: Interstage mainly